<p>The technology of production of edible food packaging based on Apple puree with the addition of 25, 50 and 75 % of Apple, grape and tomato pomace. The physical and chemical properties of the resulting edible packaging – humidity, water absorption, resistance to different nature of liquids, microscopy and organoleptic evaluation of samples. The influence of the concentration of used Marc on the organoleptic characteristics of edible packaging. The correlation between moisture and water absorption of edible packaging based on Apple puree with the addition of Marc is determined. High resistance of the investigated package to various model liquids is established. The research results show the high potential of the developed packaging as a replacement for traditional disposable polymer packaging materials. Edible packaging based on food production wastes - the extract from the processing of fruits and vegetables not only has a reduced cost, but is also partly a solution to a common environmental problem - recycling.</p>

<p>The results of studies on the comparative assessment of the daughters of 9 producing bulls of different genotypes from birth to 15 months of age under the same conditions of feeding and keeping in the Rial-Agro LLC breeding farm, one of the major milk producers, are presented. The generally accepted system for planning the growth and development of repair heifers, with the exception of the dairy period, where different options are possible, is based on a unified approach to obtaining an average daily increase in the range of 600 - 800 g or more, depending on the availability of feed and the age of insemination. However, according to the results of our research, the same level of feeding does not ensure the realization of the potential for growth and development of different genotypes. Intensification of the industry requires a reduction in the growth period of repair heifers. At this stage, calving at the age of two years has become the norm, respectively, 14-15 months - the age of fruitful insemination. The age features and influence on the intensity of growth and development of a number of factors indicating the staging of this process and the possibility of influencing the intensity of growth and development to increase the efficiency of growing repair heifers are established.</p>

<p>An assessment of the population of red steppe breed cows by exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups allocated for the degree of development of live weight, assessment of the exterior, milk yield, milk fat, milk fat, kg. The following selection parameters were calculated: for live weight - selection group X≥595 kg, production 595> X≥514 kg, marriage X<514; assessment of the exterior – selection group X≥9,46, production 9,46> X≥7,78, marriage X<7,78; for a milk yield for 305 days of lactation, a selection group X≥4481 kg, production 4481> X≥2829 kg, marriage X <2829 kg; milk fat content – selection group X≥4,35 kg, production 4,35> X≥3,99 kg, marriage X<3,99; milk fat - selection group X≥186 kg, production group 186> X≥118kg, marriage X<118 kg. Comparative assessment of the herd shows that animals of the breeding group in live weight by 18,7% exceed the breed standard, in milk yield by 8,7%, in milk fat 20,7%. Evaluation of animal grouping by milk yield shows that cows of a selection group exceed the breed standard by live weight by 6,1%, milk yield by 38,5%, milk fat by 54,3% Animals of the breeding group for milk fat exceed the breed standard by 6,1% in live weight, 36%, in milk yield, in milk fat 53,8%. The selection of the breeding group by body weight contributes to the formation of an array of animals of tall, stretched type with increased milk yield and milk fat. Cows with high milk yield differ from their peers in their greater body weight, milk yield index and milk fat productivity, and have a stretched and wide-grip physique. Uterus with high productivity in milk fat differ from their peers in greater body weight, milk yield, milk yield index, and have a more stretched constitution. For most of the identified dependencies, a significant difference was noted between the traits of different breeding groups. It should be noted that, regardless of the choice of the main feature, there is a tendency to form an array of animals that are distinguished by tall and stretched physique.</p>

<p>The high nutritional and dietary properties of chicken eggs, the high economic efficiency of their production have led to the rapid growth and development of commercial poultry farming throughout the world. In this regard, the purpose of the research was the veterinary-sanitary examination of edible chicken eggs sold in retail, with the basics of product quality assessment. The objects of research were food eggs of the first category of different manufacturers: “Chebarkul bird”, “Poultry farm named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR”, “Nagaybaksky poultry-farming complex”. The following indicators were studied: the quality of packaging and labeling, commercial properties, consumer characteristics, morphological features, shelf life, nutritional value, safety indicators. It was established that the quality of products from such manufacturers as “Chebarkul bird” and “Poultry farm named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR” in the veterinary and sanitary relations and in the framework of the commodity examination met the requirements of the “Rules for veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry eggs”, State Standard 31654 - 2012, Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.3.2.1078-01, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 021/2011 and 022/2011. Products supplied to the trading network “Nagaybaksky poultry complex” possessed the best consumer characteristics and commodity properties, but the labeling of chicken eggs of this manufacturer needs to be improved in accordance with the requirements of the State Standard 31654-2012.</p>

<p>The directed cultivation of repair heifers is of particular relevance in connection with the widespread use of Holstein breed and Holsteinized cattle, during the creation and improvement of which careful selection and raising of repair young animals was of paramount importance. In this regard, a very important element in the cultivation of repair heifers is the establishment of the optimal live weight by the age of insemination. The research results indicate that under the same conditions of feeding and keeping, the offspring of different bulls are significantly different in intensity of growth and development at different age periods and do not always reach the planned indicators.</p>

<p>The paper reveals the experience of Novosibirsk SAU in concern of networking, collaboration and cooperation with Russian and foreign higher institutions aimed at design and implementation of unique Project and Master-programme “Sustainable agriculture and rural development”.</p>

<p>The article sets out teaching methods for working with microbes - bacteriocin producers and with these substances. The Introduction of the article provides brief information about bacteriocins, which gives an idea of what are bacteriocins, that they are synthesized on ribosomes and why they can be an alternative to antibiotics. Such bacteriocin properties as antagonistic activity, non-toxicity and a sparing effect on the body, low frequency of resistant cell formation in microorganisms, the possibility of practical use of the substance for the treatment of infection or against bacterial contamination of food as preservatives are the motivation to study the secreted microorganisms for the ability to synthesize bacteriocin.</p>

<p>The article presents the data of epizootological analysis of the space-time manifestations of anthrax in the Baikal region. Anthrax in the Baikal region in the past manifested itself in the epizootics form with the defeat of a large number of the animals in one focus, with high mortality rates. Currently, anthrax has the features typical of natural focal not contagious of zoonoses with soil reservoir. For the primary lesions of anthrax characteristic spatial limitations, the spontaneity of the occurrence of cases of disease in animals. In Buryatia, 4430 animals became ill with anthrax, of which 76.3% were horses, 6.7% - sheep, 4% - cattle.</p>

<p>The complex drug KAP-M is an effective treatment for gastrointestinal diseases of calves of bacterial etiology, provides a quick recovery and normalizes clinical and physiological parameters, blood biochemistry and the natural resistance of their body.</p>

<p>One of the functions of the intestinal microflora is to maintain the internal environment of the macro-organism. Along with this, even minor changes in the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract result in the development of dysbacteriosis. Often, dysbacteriosis in farm animals develops as an aftereffect of the active antibiotic treatment. Modern approaches to the treatment of such dysbacteriosis cases are based on the application of probiotic drugs. Our research goal was to study the effect of the probiotic product Vetom-2 on the gastrointestinal microflora in calves after antibiotic therapy. The studies were carried out on the farm of the AO “Uchkhoz Prigorodnoye” on comparable Black Pied calves. Two groups of calves were selected. The first group included apparently healthy calves (n = 10); the second group – calves with dyspepsia (n = 10). After a course of antibiotic therapy, the group of calves with dyspepsia was divided into 2 groups; one of the groups received Vetom-2, and the second group did not receive this probiotic. Bacteriological fecal tests in calves were to detect Escherichia, streptococci, staphylococci, salmonella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was found that in sick calves before antibiotic therapy, the number of opportunistic pathogens was by an order more than that in the group of healthy animals. During treatment, these indices decreased. In calves that received Vetom-2 during rehabilitation after antibiotic therapy, the number of opportunistic pathogens was lower than in the group of calves that did not receive Vetom-2 during rehabilitation; this was due to the inhibition of growth and development of opportunistic pathogens in calf intestines after antibiotic therapy by bacterial strains contained in Vetom-2.</p>

<p>Vegetable oils are currently not only one of the most popular foods in the world, having a reputation for being healthy, but also the main source of unsaturated fatty acids, which prevent numerous cardiovascular and other diseases. In order to study the depth of oxidative changes in the chemical composition of the fatty acid phase in real technological processing processes and the preparation of culinary dishes using vegetable oils, the peroxide, acid, anisidine, Totox, thiobarbituric numbers for vegetable oil were studied under various conditions of model conditions: cooking (temperature 95-100 °C, processing time 30 min), frying (temperature 195-200 °C, processing time 15 min), short-term heating (microwave heating power 90 W, processing time 2 min), breaking the condition ovy storage (temperature 35-40 °C, and treatment time 3 to 7 days). With a comparative description of oxidative processes in coconut, palm, and sunflower oil, it was established that sunflower oil is prone to deep oxidative damage processes. A high propensity to increase the studied parameters was found for all treatment options, which indicates a deep occurrence of oxidative processes in vegetable oils. A particularly large effect, accelerating the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids of sunflower oil, is observed in the case of storage at elevated temperatures and microwave heating. Based on these data, recommendations are made on the need to use natural antioxidants in the processing of vegetable oils, food production using vegetable oils, cooking culinary dishes, in the formulation of which vegetable oils are present.</p>

<p>The aim of the work is to develop an optimal technology for extracting a complex of substances with an antioxidant effect from cranberries (<em>Vaccinium</em> <em>oxycoccos</em> L.), sea buckthorn (<em>Hippophaërhamnoides</em> L.), blackberries (<em>Rubus</em> subgen. <em>Rubus</em>), honeysuckle (<em>Lonicera</em> L.) widespread in the Russian Federation. ), viburnum (<em>Viburnum opulus</em> L.), mountain ash (<em>Sorbus aucuparia</em> L.), juniper (<em>Juniperus</em> L.), a comparative study of the effect of ultrasound exposure with traditional maceration and microwave irradiation on the total content of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, β-carotene, antiradical e action, restoring force in the extraction of the studied plant materials. Spectrophotometric methods for determining the total content of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, antiradical activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical, and restoring forces with the FRAP reagent were chosen as research methods. It is the use of ultrasonic extraction for fruits that allows to obtain a higher content of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, antiradical activity values, regenerating power, antioxidant action in the obtained extracts. Microwave radiation has a similar effect in the level of a number of indicators of fruit extracts. Although the performance of microwave extracts of fruits is lower in magnitude than ultrasonic extracts. It is interesting to note that it is anthocyanins as the most sensitive to external influences class of compounds that are extracted during ultrasonic processing from the berries and remain the most. To obtain fruit extract, acting as a component of many dietary supplements, as well as cosmetics with a high level of antioxidant substances and antioxidant activity, on the basis of the conducted research it is possible to recommend ultrasonic treatment as an intensification method with the same temperature parameters and process time, which will allow to obtain extracts with a higher content of nutraceutical substances.</p>

<p>In solving the food problem, the leading role belongs to the main crop - winter wheat. At observance of the cultivation technology, modern varieties of wheat provide yields of 10–12 and more tons per 1ha. Climate warming, emerging in the second half of the twentieth century, necessitates the improvement of individual elements of the technology of cultivating new winter wheat varieties and, above all, the scientific substantiation of the choice of sowing date. Based on this, the study of the timing of sowing new varieties of winter wheat in the context of climate change is very important, and is an important condition for a steady increase in yield and improving the quality of grain. The studies were conducted in 2013–2015. in the three soil-climatic zones of Kabardino-Balkaria: steppe, foothill and mountain. The experiments were laid on varieties of winter common wheat of Yuzhanka and Cheget, joint breeding of the P. Lukyanenko National Grain Center and the Institute of Agriculture of the KBNC RAS. Sowing was carried out in four terms for each zone. Research results showed that the varieties responded differently to the terms and conditions of cultivation. As a result, optimum sowing dates were established for varieties and zones, which ensured a high yield of high-quality grain. At the same time, in the best options, the yield varied in varieties and zones from 5.00 to 5.85 tons / ha. High yields were obtained in the foothill and mountain zones, and better grain was formed in the steppe zone. So, in terms of the protein content and gluten in the studied varieties of Yuzhanka and Cheget, these indicators were respectively: 14.5 and 30.4% and 14.2 and 30.6%, which is higher than in other zones. This is due to the soil-climatic conditions of cultivation zones of varieties.</p>

<p>The main problem of modern grain crops is the low quality of proteins, due to the insufficient content of essential amino acids and, above all, lysine, a limiting amino acid, the amount of which depends on the digestibility of proteins by the human body. Amino acids in the grain are unevenly distributed. The germ and aleurone layer is richest in essential amino acids, primarily lysine. The biological value of protein fractions depends on the level of essential amino acids. Therefore, for example, the proteins of the aleurone layer have a higher biological value than in the rest of the endosperm. Thus, in terms of the amount of essential amino acids, oat protein, although only slightly, is still more biologically valuable than wheat, rye, and barley. Finely divided fractions of bran, which are rich in essential amino acids, can be used in food and feed production.</p>

<p>The article analyzes and comments on the content of cooperation between the Russian Federation and Vietnam, based on the status of the parties as strategic partners and the geopolitical position of modern Vietnam in the world, the Asia-Pacific region and South-East Asia. The article characterizes the results of foreign trade activities of the parties, including in the framework of the Free Trade Agreement, as applied to the objectives of ensuring food security of Russia.</p>