Confectionery - food products, usually with a high sugar content, characterized by high calorie content and digestibility. They are divided into groups: sugar, flour confectionery, chocolate, cocoa. The following types of products are used as the main raw materials for the preparation of confectionery products: flour (wheat, rye, corn, rice, oatmeal, etc.), sugar, honey, fruits and berries, milk and cream, fats, eggs, yeast, starch, cocoa, nuts, food acids, gelling agents, flavoring and aromatic additives, food dyes and baking powder. The high content of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, as well as polyunsaturatedfatty acids and some vitamins determines the significant value of confectionery products. The influence of shelf life on biscuit semi-finished products prepared according to the classical recipe using pomace powder and concentrated juice of black currant and blueberry berries is shown. Methods used in the experimental part: measurement of the total phenolic content using the Folin-Chekelau reagent, the total content of flavonoids and anthocyanins, the level of free radical capture DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazyl), the total antioxidant activity by the FRAP method and the antioxidant activity in the linoleic acid system. It was found that the content of phenolic substances, flavonoids, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity is greatly influenced by high humidity and a constant light source. These indicators are significantly reduced, but when stored in a vacuum, this decrease in indicators can be slowed down.

One of the main responsibilities of food industry organizations is to provide the population with safe food. The HACCP system allows us to anticipate and prevent errors through phased control of the technological chain of production, which is why it is recognized as a key part of food safety management practice in the global food industry. To ensure the safety and quality of the innovative bakery semi-finished product, the HACCP plan was developed, during which a product description was compiled, the main dangers, critical control points and corrective actions were identified. A feature of the developed bakery semi-finished product is the processing of the recipe mixture using a mechanoacoustic homogenizer. The HACCP system was developed according to the method described in GOST R 51705.1-2001 and GOST R ISO 9001-2015 using the “decision tree”. Each operation of the flowchart was analyzed to determine if there was a critical control point. As a result, four critical control points were identified in the following technological operations: mechanoacoustic treatment of the recipe, fermentation, packaging and labeling, storage.

Wheat high-grade flour used in the technology of flour products is poor in respect of certain minerals (iron, calcium, etc.), so their mineral value is increased by using non-traditional raw materials for production, in particular flax flour and red mountain ash fruits, in the recipe of bread, muffins, muffins, gingerbread, cookies, etc. the Purpose of research is to study the mineral composition of wheat, flax and mountain ash raw materials in a comparative aspect to establish its safety and effectiveness usage. The objects of tests were: wheat flour baking of the first grade (JSC “Shadrinsky combine of bread products”, Kurgan region, Shadrinsk), flax flour (LLC NPO “Compass of health”, Novosibirsk), red mountain ash fruit (LLC “Staroslav”, Novosibirsk region, Berdsk). Physical and chemical parameters and mineral composition of raw materials were studied. The superiority of Flaxseed flour over wheat in the amount of potassium (33.3 times more), calcium (27.2 times more), magnesium (16.2 times more), iron (8.5 times more), copper (6.1 times more), phosphorus and zinc (4.8-4.9 times more), and manganese (4.3 times more); Rowan fruit - by the content of manganese (12.5 times) and iron (3.9 times). The upper limit was exceeded in both types of flour by the amount of lead, which is a violation of the regulated requirements of TR CU 021/2011. The effectiveness of the use of red Rowan fruit in replacing wheat flour in order to increase the level of dietary fiber, manganese and iron in ready-made flour products was shown.

As an independent specialty, veterinary medicine was finally formed in Russia during the organization and implementation of the state policy and program of higher professional (veterinary) education in the country. The prerequisites for this were the social demands of society and the needs of the state, dictated by the economic, environmental, social and historical motives of an agrarian country of an entire continent.

The problem of food poisoning and food allergies does not lose its relevance and is still a threat to health, which must be minimized. Since various cereal-based products make up a significant proportion of the diet of humans and farm animals, the purpose of this review is to familiarize with sources of chemical and biological contamination of cereals, such as mycotoxins and pesticides. These compounds, which enter the human body and animals with food, can pose a health hazard even in quantities beyond detection. Among the pesticides that have become an integral part of modern agriculture, in this article, the greatest attention was paid to organophosphate herbicides as the most widely used on cereals. Among the latter, one of the most common organophosphorus compounds was identified - glyphosate, which is the active substance of many bulk and liquid herbicides. On the basis of information, mainly from foreign articles, the basic principles of accumulation of this substance in wheat grains and animals were formulated.

The article analyzes the legal framework for the formation and functioning of public services in Russia at the end of the XVIII century, official duties, penalties, as well as their legal and social protection.

On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, six nosological forms of infectious diseases have epizootic significance among cattle. The most widespread are leptospirosis, rabies, and isolated cases of pasteurellosis. Natural foci of rabies were formed, confined to the environmental conditions of the neighboring territories of Mongolia and the TRANS-Baikal territory. Epizootic process tends to polyhostal manifestation with the threat of expanding the focus and complicating the epidemic situation in the entire region of Siberia and the Far East. In 2018 169 heads of cattle were identified with a positive reaction to leptospirosis in 13 administrative districts. Preventive immunization of animals with the control of immunity tension in areas with a high risk of introduction of infectious diseases is the basis for maintaining epizootic well-being throughout the region.

Hematological studies of Wistar rats with intraperitoneal infection of their lymphocytes from BLV-infected cows revealed markers characteristic of the leukemic process induced by the pathogen enzootic leukemia in cattle. In 75% of experimental animals, lymphocytic leukemia and neutropenia were detected. The number of lymphocytes in the blood of rats of the experimental group was 17-36 % more than in the control group, leukocytes in average by 30 %. The animals of the experimental group showed signs of erythrocyte aplasia, hemolytic or aplastic anemia. Allergy markers were observed in individual rats. This allows us to recommend an intraperitoneal method of infecting laboratory rats with suspended lymphocytes from infected livestock for rapid and informative reproduction of experimental BLV infection.

The influence of the zeaur feed additive on the egg productivity of chickens under stress and without it is considered. Presents cieaura and given their characteristics. The results of application in poultry farming in various forms of administration are presented.

The authors analyzed the main indicators of nosological profile and epizootic manifestations of infectious diseases of pigs in the Krasnodar territory for the period from 1990 to 2019. As a result of the analysis of pig diseases of infectious etiology, 24 nosological forms of diseases were established. During the study period, 3006 disadvantaged areas were registered in the province, where 472.6 thousand heads of pigs of various age and sex groups fell ill, of which 131.3 thousand fell ill. In the nosological structure of infectious diseases of pigs, bacterial, viral and chlamydial infections occupy a significant share: colibacteriosis-34.0 %, salmonellosis-20.3, pseudomonosis-9.9, streptococcosis-7.9, pasteurellosis-5.6, viral gastroenteritis-4.2, erysipelas-3.4, African swine fever-2.3, chlamydia-0.5 %. The largest number of points that were affected by infectious diseases of pigs was registered in 1999 - 354; of these, 4.8% were viral diseases: aujeski disease, viral gastroenteritis; 94.9 - for bacterial: streptococcosis, diplococcosis, colibacteriosis, edema, leptospirosis, pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, erysipelas, pseudomonosis; 0.3 % - for chlamydia. The smallest number of points with problems related to infectious diseases of pigs was registered in 2013: in 1 point with problems related to African swine fever (ASF), 3 heads fell ill. The number of sick animals was the highest in 1994: 66.9 thousand animals fell ill in 80 disadvantaged areas, of which 23.4 thousand died. The greatest economic damage to pig farms was caused by ASF. This infection led to a reduction in the number ofpigs in the Krasnodar territory from 1200.0 to 300.0 thousand heads. In the period from 2008 to 2019, ASF was registered on the territory of the province in 33 out of 44 municipalities, in 79 disadvantaged localities, including 13 among the wild boar population. In total, 7.4 thousand heads of domestic pigs and 157 wild boars fell ill in the centers of ASF, 33 objects infected with the ASF virus were identified.

An assessment of the cow population based on exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups identified by the level of milk yield was carried out. It is established that the selection parameters for the yield of milk in the breeding group of Mature cows of Simmental breed in Novosibirsk region for black-motley breed on 15% exceeds the requirements of the standard, red steppe -17.9, Simmental Khakassia - 23.5 %. The analysis of interbreeding differences by breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed significantly outperform their peers of other breeds in terms of chest width behind the shoulder blades, chest girth, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed have superiority in live weight, width in makloks, oblique length of the trunk, oblique length of the back, fat content of milk, milk fat. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region surpass their peers in height at the withers, and simmentals of Khakassia are the leaders in height at the rump, chest depth, waist circumference, and exterior assessment. The assessment of the division of animals of the evaluated breeds into breeding groups by milk yield allows us to note that the leadership of the black-and-white breed is not so obvious among plentiful individuals. Cows of breeding groups of red steppe and Simmental breeds have the same productivity with black-and-white milk yield and milk yield index, and red steppe cows surpass their peers in milkfat content and milk fat. The selection of groups by milk yield showed the consolidation of the black-and-white breed by productive and exterior characteristics. The red steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. their breeding groups closely approach the analogues of the black-and-white breed in terms of milk production.

The results of studying the effects of water-alcohol infusions of medicinal plants - rhizomes of thick-leafed incense (Bergenia crasslifolia L. Fritsch), dioica nettle leaves (Urtica dioca L.), burdock roots (Arctium lappa L.), and mother-and-leaf leaves - are presented. ordinary machichi (Tussilago farfara L.) on the organism of laboratory rats under conditions of short-term intoxication with heavy metals in doses of 25 mg of lead and 2.5 mg of cadmium per 1 kg of live weight. In the course of studies it was found that the effect of heavy metals on the body of laboratory animals is selective - the main “depot” of lead was bone tissue, and cadmium - the kidneys and liver. The addition of 1 ml of water-alcohol infusions from medicinal raw materials to the diet of rats as detoxicants caused a decrease in the level of lead in the animal organism to 6.32 times, cadmium to 3.46 times. The greatest detoxification ability was shown by infusions of the roots of burdock and leaves of nettle dioecious. Under the influence of elevated doses of lead and cadmium in laboratory animals there was an increase in heart mass by 40.34 % and spleen by 89.91 %, a decrease in the content of alkaline phosphatase in blood serum by 25.81 %. Water-alcohol infusions normalized the biochemical parameters of rat blood serum. Studies have shown that the infusions of rhizomes of thick-leafed frangipani, burdock roots, dioecious nettles and coltsfoot leaves with antioxidant properties can be the basis for the development of an effective herbal preparation used for the prevention and treatment of animals from intoxication with salts of heavy metals.