The use of phytopowders as food additives allows you to create highly nutritious mixtures with a pronounced taste and aroma of fresh fruits and berries. Fruit and berry powders are already used in the production of jelly, fruit drinks, drinks, juices and sauces based on domestic plant raw materials with a high proportion of biologically active substances. The most important phytonutrients of sea buckthorn fruits (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) are carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, sugars, organic and amino acids, tannins and pectin substances, phospholipids, macro- and microelements. The aim of the research was to study the quality and nutritional value of freezedried sea buckthorn powder. Sublimated sea buckthorn was the object of study (TU 10.39.25-007-0111115841-2018) manufactured by IP A.N. Mazurina (Russia, Kaluga region, Borovsky district, Borovsk). The quality of packaging and labeling, as well as organoleptic characteristics, nutritional value and mineral composition of raw materials have been studied. It was determined that the marking of sublimated sea buckthorn does not comply with the regulated requirements of GOST R 51074-2003 and TR CU 022/2011. Organoleptic characteristics of phytopowder are identified as characteristic of this type of raw material. The actual protein and fat content of the test material does not correspond to the levels stated by the manufacturer. The studied raw materials are distinguished by a variety of chemical composition, namely, the content of protein, carotenoids, vitamins E and A, lipids, dietary fiber, unique trace elements – Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zn.

Transglutaminase is an enzyme that forms cross-links between protein molecules and affects such protein properties as the ability to gel, thermal stability, water retention, etc. One of the important tasks of the food industry is to increase the yield of products, in particular soft cheeses, in the production of which a significant part of the whey with dissolved substances is separated from milk. Therefore, the aim of the work was to study the effect of transglutaminase on the transition of milk solids to cheese, depending on the stage of application of the enzyme. Transglutaminase in an amount of 0.05% by weight of milk (1.6 units in terms of 1 g of protein) was introduced in two versions: simultaneously with the milk-clotting enzyme and after cutting the clot. It was found that the use of transglutaminase does not affect the duration of acid-rennet coagulation of milk. The data obtained indicate that when transglutaminase is introduced into milk simultaneously with the milk-converting enzyme, the transition of milk solids to cheese increases by 5.15%, including fat by 3.07%, compared to samples without transglutaminase. When transglutaminase is added at the stage of processing the clot, a denser consistency of cheese is formed.

The results of studies of morphometric parameters of the yak skin of the Altai population are presented. It was found that the yield of paired skins is on average from 5,5 % in yak bulls of 18 months to 6.3 and 8,3 % in yak bulls and yak cows, respectively. The measurements of the length and width of the skin are almost the same or the length is slightly inferior to the width, which is due to the fact that the body of the yak is shorter than that of the local cattle. When examining the raw leather, all the skins were without any defects in life. The weight of the skins of yak-bulls of the Altai population was 34,3±1,2 kg and they are classified as heavy, the skins of yak-bulls at the age of 18 months correspond to the category “half-skin” (from 10 to 13 kg), and the weight of the skins of yak cows of the Altai population-”yalovka” is suitable for the average weight category - from 17 to 25 kg. The thickness of the skins of Yak bulls on the last edge was 7.1 mm, which is higher than the requirements of GOST by 2.3 mm, in bull calves the excess was 3.1 mm, in yak cows-1.1 mm. According to their morphometric characteristics, the skins of Altai yaks meet the requirements of GOST 28425-90. The raw materials are leather and refer to the raw leather intended for the production of leather for the bottom of shoes and shoe leather. They can also be widely used by the local population as raw materials for the production of saddlery and technical leather.

To preserve the high number of roe deer in the territories of protected areas, it is not enough to apply disparate methods of winter feeding. It is necessary to develop a system for organizing winter meals. This requires the creation of large forage areas, the implementation of the principle of availability of forage crops in the period of high snow, mobile castling of forage resources in the protected area.

The results of comprehensive research in 2017–2020 on the effectiveness of improving the health of new zoned and promising potato varieties of three groups of ripeness in the conditions of leached chernozem of the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region are presented. The energy-saving, environmentally friendly technology of accelerated potato seed production was used. It is shown that the recovery from viruses of the planting material provides an increase in the yield of different potato varieties up to 42% relative to the unhealthy background. The high efficiency of accelerated propagation of planting material with the use of modern aeroponic plants in comparison with hydroponic plants, and growing in a greenhouse and open ground, is established. The developed technology makes it possible to increase the energy efficiency coefficient by 40 % and the level of profitability by 32 %.

The flora of the Altai Mountains is characterized by a rich variety of representatives of the Fabaceae family, which are found in a wide range of habitats and under various anthropogenic loads. The genera Astragalus L. and Oxytropis DC. are the most numerous in terms of species diversity. Many representatives of the genera Vicia L., Trifolium L., Hedysarum L., Latirus L., Melilotus Mill., Medicago L., Pisum L. are good forage plants. The vegetation in the steppe grasslands of the Altai Mountains indicates the presence of predominantly intensive grazing farm animals, in which there is the formation of transient communities by reducing the participation of the prey species and the role of not eaten, eaten bad, harmful and poisonous plants. At the same time, the share of the legume component in the living ground phytomass in meadow steppes is quite high (25–50 %), in real steppes it is about 5–28%, and in desolate steppes – 11–17 %, which is largely due to the species diversity of legumes and their adaptability to natural, climatic and anthropogenic factors. Species Onobrychis arenaria, Medicago falcata are found in the meadow steppe, and Astragalus austrosibiricus, A. tibetanus, A. brevifoliu, and Oxytropis argentata are found in the steppe pastures, which develop a good green mass and have relatively high morphometric indicators. Astragalus testiculatus, A. laguroides, A. dilutes, Oxytropis pumila, Hedysarum gmelinii, Gueldenstaedtia monophylla, and harmful pasture plants – Thermopsis mongolica, Caragana pygmaea – are adapted to drier stony habitats. Of the wild relatives of cultivated plants from familia Fabaceae in the flora of the Altai Mountains there are more than 10 species. According to the results of environmental testing of 13 varieties of annual legumes (Vicia L., Pisum L., Glycine L.), it was found that they are characterized by higher rates of green mass yield (by 12–16%) than traditional varieties of these crops in the mid-mountain zone of the Altai Republic.

Cell and serum nucleases are considered as a natural biological barrier, one of the first links in the body’s antiviral defense: nucleases act on viruses that the usual immunological barrier cannot resist. Inactivation of the enzymatic properties of nucleases also leads to the loss of their antiviral activity. It was found that the nucleases do not inactivate the native virus outside the cell and act mainly on the virus that multiplies in the cells. There is a direct dependence of the antiviral activity of endonuclease on the concentration of the enzyme in the medium. The first antiviral drug created on the basis of the Serratia marcescens endonuclease was called bacterial endonuclease. Its technology was developed by joint research of NIKTI BAS of the Ministry of Medical Industry (Berdsk, Novosibirsk region) and ICIG SB of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1973–1984. Serratia marcescens endonuclease is capable of cleaving the nucleic acids of both RNA and DNA-containing viruses. The enzyme inhibits the reproduction of vesicular stomatitis and smallpox vaccine viruses in chicken fibroblast cell culture, respectively. It was the first antiviral drug in the history of beekeeping, designed to prevent acute and chronic paralysis and other viral diseases of bees. The drug was also intended as an antiviral agent for a wide range of diseases in various organisms. The effectiveness of bacterial endonuclease as a means of prevention and treatment of respiratory viral diseases in calves was studied. The research was carried out at the industrial complex for growing heifers of the Gosnensky state farm in the Leningrad region on calves of a black-and-white breed of 20–60 days old. For the experiments, we used bacterial endonuclease produced by the Vyshnevolotsky Plant of Enzyme Preparations or NICTI BAS of the Ministry of Medical Industry. In the future, NIKTI BAV together with Diafarm LLC developed a second – generation antiviral drug, endoglucin, based on bacterial endonucleosis. Production experiments to study its effect as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for respiratory diseases of calves were conducted during 2007– 2011. in the agricultural complex «Prichulymsky» of the Achinsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory with the participation of the Department of Epizootology and Parasitology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of KrasGAU and in CJSC «Suzdalskoye» of the Dovolensky district of the Novosibirsk region. Prophylactic use of endoglucin in calves with bronchopneumonia can reduce the incidence from 2.2 to 3.1 times. The drug endoglucin in combination with drugs indicated for the treatment of pulmonary pathology, has therapeutic effectiveness in bronchopneumonia of calves.

On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, the epizootological profile is formed by 8 nosological forms of infectious pathology of farm animals. The dominant epizootic significance is rabies, leptospirosis, brucellosis. Rabies was registered in 8 (38.1 %) rural administrative districts of the republic and in the urban district of Ulan-Ude. In the total number of cases of rabies, the disease of farm animals occupies 48.3%, domestic carnivores-3.9, and in 47.6% of cases, epizootic foci began among wild animals. The main reservoir of the rabies virus is the wild fox: 46.2 % in the total number of cases and 97.1 % - in autochthonous epizootic foci. Leptospirosis in the conditions of Buryatia is an indigenous natural focal infection with a pronounced indicator of epizootic manifestation in the form of infection of animals without clinical signs. It is registered in 11 (52.4 %) rural administrative districts of the republic in 1.5 % of cattle and 0.6% of horses. The unfavorable situation with bovine brucellosis persisted from 2009 to 2018, 26 unfavorable points were registered. In the Jida district, 5 km from the state border with Mongolia, brucellosis was first registered in a dog. In this area, the corridor of migration of wild animals across the border passes, which confirms the assumption of the existence of natural foci of brucellosis in the transboundary territories of Russia and Mongolia and the introduction of the pathogen from the natural focus to the territory of the buffer zone farms.

Diseases of the respiratory system, occupying a significant share in the general pathology of internal non-infectious diseases, cause significant economic damage to animal husbandry. This applies to such indicators as a decrease in growth, forced culling, treatment costs, and death. Konergin-ros is an injectable drug created by Rosvetpharm CJSC (Krasnoobsk village, Novosibirsk region) for the prevention and early treatment of respiratory diseases of young cattle. It contains synthetic glycosides, vitamins, growth promoters and body resistance. According to the developer, when administered, the drug does not cause a painful reaction, is non-toxic, and has no side effects. We have experimentally proved that the drug increases the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and has a positive effect on blood parameters and body weight gain of calves.

The pancreas performs the functions of both external and internal secretion, has a great influence on the growth and development of young cattle. Thus, the function of the external secretion is the synthesis and excretion of juice into the duodenum, which includes digestive enzymes and electrolytes, and the internal secretion is the synthesis and excretion of hormones into the blood. Timely identification of the causes of developing deviations from the norm in the body and the adoption of appropriate measures is due to the fact that when raising cattle at industrial enterprises, diseases are widespread, and the manifestation of clinical signs of the disease in one animal often signals the presence of problems in the entire sex and age population. The aim of our research was to determine the functional state of the pancreas in newborn calves during rehabilitation after antibiotic therapy for dyspepsia. The research was carried out on a farm located on the territory of the Altai Territory. In the course of the research, three experimental groups of calves were formed, in which the clinical, biochemical and morphological status was studied. To obtain the results of biochemical studies, a biochemical semi-automatic analyzer with an open Clima MC – 15, RAL system was used, and for morphological studies, an automatic analyzer with a closed MicroCC-20Plus system was used. In the course of the research, it was found that the studied indicators blood samples indicate a violation of intestinal absorption and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency caused by dyspepsia and subsequent antibiotic therapy, while calves from the experimental group receiving the probiotic complex Vetom 1.2 showed better dynamics in restoring homeostasis after the disease.

The article considers the bibliographic equipment of scientific research of the pre-revolutionary period in the field of natural sciences in Siberia and the Far East.