Recently, metabolic probiotics have been gaining more and more popularity. Metabiotics is a common name for a group of drugs based on the structural components of probiotic microorganisms and/or their metabolites. And also, signaling molecules that have the ability to normalize the physiological functions of the body, regulatory, metabolic, behavioral reactions that are directly related to the microbiota of the body. Since the human microbiome depends on his dietary preferences and his place of residence, we were faced with the task of studying microorganisms found in Western Siberia. The leaven of sauerkraut is of the greatest interest, since the juice of this product has been used for a long time and is still used to treat intestinal diseases. The analysis of sauerkraut juice was carried out in several stages. During the study, the composition of short-chain fatty acids (hereinafter referred to as SCFAs) was determined by chromatographic method, the species composition of microorganisms present in the starter culture was studied, and pure cultures were isolated by sowing on selective nutrient media – Saburo and MRS. The place of the research is the microbiological laboratory of the Testing Center of the Testing Laboratory Complex of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University together with the testing laboratory on the basis of the SSPS, PCR diagnostics was carried out at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. As the results, studies of the microbial composition of brine obtained as a result of the fermentation process of various varieties of white cabbage are presented. In the course of the research, pure cultures of microorganisms capable of being metabiotic producers, having different morphologies and related to lactobacilli and Lactococcus were isolated.

The high concentration fats in meat products is important value in terms of a healthy nutrition as well as keeping their quality on long-term period. The shelftime of a number of meat products is limited by oxidative processes in their fat’s component. The producers can offer the meats products with substitute animal fats on protein-fat emulsion in response to consumer demand for low-fat products. The added water content in emulsions reducers the stability of the products during storage process. The research aims to investigate the influence of lecithine on the intensity and dynamics of oxidation lipids of protein-fat emulsion during storage at below-freezing temperature. The subjects of research were protein-fat emulsions with various levels of lecithine addition. Changes in acid, peroxide and thiobarbiturate numbers during storage of protein-fat emulsions with addition of lecithine indicate stabilization of oxidation processes of lipid fraction.

The authors presented data on the kinetic dependence of the growth and acid-forming activity of lactic acid bacteria on the concentration of multicomponent systems. The authors also found that in the multicomponent systems studied, with a mass fraction of solids of 40%, the dynamics of lactic acid bacteria LAB multiplication and the rate of reduction of active acidity values increased after 22 to 24 hours of cultivation during the transition to the exponential growth phase. The titer of the lactic acid bacteria LAB meets the regulatory requirements for fermented calf milk replacer (CMR). The data obtained suggest the feasibility of using lactic acid cultures for biotechnological treatment of CMCs. The authors investigated the feasibility of these in order to create a fermented calf milk replacer with improved hygiene and storage stability through enrichment with lactic acid cultures and their metabolites.

The results of studies (2019-2021) on the study of the use of geoinformation technologies on different crops using satellite navigation and drones of varying degrees of complexity and differentiated application of fertilizers are presented. The purpose of the work is to develop elements of precision farming in the cultivation of grain crops in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The studies were carried out in 2019-2021. In the soil-climatic zone of the forest-steppe on leached chernozem in CJSC breeding farm “Irmen” on varieties of spring soft wheat Novosibirskaya 31, Novosibirskaya 29, Omskaya 36; spring barley: varieties Biom and Margret, spring oats varieties Rovestnik. The effectiveness of the use of precision farming elements is shown. The use of differentiated fertilization provided an increase in the grain yield of spring wheat by 22%, spring barley - 35% and oats - 20%. The yield level reached 5.5 t/ha. The use of GIS-technologies with higher balanced doses of NPK fertilizers up to 200 kg/ha and liquid nitrogen fertilizers up to 90 l/ha KAS-32 contributed to obtaining a high yield of spring soft wheat at the level of 5.5-5.8 t/ha with good product quality indicators.

The study of the ecological situation in the cities of Moscow, Yalta and Novosibirsk by the elemental composition of dog hair has been carried out. The dogs were kept in apartments, but received daily morning and evening exercise for 30-60 minutes. The wool of this animal species, in our opinion, is a good bioindicator for assessing the ecological situation in different territories of the globe, since dogs are in close contact with soils, rainwater, and dust. In addition, during walks, animals eat grass. The research results showed that the iodine content in the wool of dogs in Moscow and Yalta exceeds the reference value. In the dogs of Yalta, the indices of cobalt, manganese and silicon are reduced. The level of silicon is lowered in the fur of dogs in Moscow, and the level of chromium in animals of Novosibirsk. Low values of lead, arsenic, cadmium and lithium were registered in dogs from Yalta. However, the content of mercury and boron in the wool of dogs from Yalta is higher than that of dogs from Moscow and Novosibirsk. Dogs in Moscow differ from animals in Yalta and Novosibirsk by a higher content of potassium in wool and relatively low levels of mercury, boron and sodium, and dogs from Novosibirsk - by a higher content of magnesium, silicon and strontium in wool.

The authors studied the indication and antibiotic sensitivity of E. coli O157:H7 isolates isolated from soil, meat samples and objects subjected to veterinary surveillance. In a study on isolation of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli from various environmental media 6602 samples were examined. The highest number of E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from soil in 10 % and meat in 8.7 % of cases. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated in 2.6% of cases from wipes of objects subjected to veterinary surveillance. This microorganism was not detected in feed of plant origin. Antibacterial sensitivity studies of isolated E. coli O157:H7 isolates revealed 100% sensitivity to cefotaxime, cefepime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone. The authors observed an 80-90% sensitivity of isolated strains to norfloxacin, cefoxitin, gentamicin and ceftazidime. Studies also showed complete resistance of E. coli O157:H7 isolates to tetracycline in 80% of microorganisms. Of these, 2 cultures were isolated from soil and 6 cultures from meat from forced slaughter.

In the Baraba plain (Baraba), which occupies 65.5% (11.7 million ha) of the Novosibirsk region, saline agrolandscapes predominate in the soil cover. Their formation is due to the geological past and geomorphological location of the territory. A profile study of the microelement composition of soils, saline agrolandscapes was conducted in the northeastern part of Baraba along the catena, in which three positions were identified: eluvial (upper), transitional (intermediate) and accumulative (lower). Meadow-chernozem soil was formed at the upper position; black soil-meadow solonchak soil was formed at the intermediate position; deep solonchak soil was formed at the accumulative position. Studying of microelement composition of soils of the first class of danger (Zn, As, Cd and Pd) on catenary has shown that their distribution and accumulation are determined by the general physic-chemical properties, such as: granulometric composition, pH value, humus content and absorbing capacity. These indicators are closely related to each other and mutually condition the geochemical elemental composition of soils. The gross contents of zinc, cadmium and lead are below the MPC (maximum permissible concentration) both in the A horizon and along the soil profile and do not pose a risk to the use of this area in agricultural production. Moreover, the authors note a low zinc content, which can be increased by applying zinc-containing micro-fertilizers. Studies by a number of other authors show an increase in crop yields and improved crop quality with the application of zinc-containing micro-fertilizers. The gross arsenic content in saline agrolandscapes is close to MPC both in the humus horizon A and throughout the profile. This is due to the significant mobility of arsenic compounds and the high capacity of the studied soils to absorb them. This feature should be taken into account in the agricultural use of saline agrolandscapes.

Specialists determine the central unfavourable situation of African swine fever in Russia according to established enzootic zones and partially exported cases of the disease in the territory of non-enzootic zones. In this article, based on an analysis of the epizootic situation from 2007 to 2020, an opinion on the formation mechanism of enzootic zones of African swine fever is given. It also presents the tool of identifying zones when the disease appears to introduce restrictive and prohibitive measures. The role of wild boar in the formation of enzootic zones and the spread of infection is defined. Understanding the mechanism of formation of enzootic zones is the basis for the development of effective measures to eradicate African swine fever in Russia.

Diseases of newborn calves by intestinal infections occupy one of the leading positions in the infectious pathology of bacterial etiology and can account for up to 80% of all types of pathology in young calves. The main cause of calf mortality is endogenous infections caused by opportunistic pathogenic microflora. Domestic scientists have proved the antagonistic activity of the bacteria Bacillus spp. F (TNP-3 and TNP-5 strains) to Salmonella, Streptococcus, Leptospira, Mycobacterium tuberculosis in in vitro experiments, Enterococcus and Campylobacter. Thus, it is necessary to study the effect of Bacillus spp. F on the enterobiocenosis of calves in order to prevent dysbacteriosis. The authors conducted an experiment on newborn calves with diarrhoeal symptoms in farms of the Omsk region, from which experimental and control groups were formed. Calves of the experimental group (n = 6) were given a suspension containing Bacillus spp. F at a concentration of 0.5x109 m.t/ml, while the control animals (n = 5) were fed the usual diet. The authors also studied the microflora of the calf digestive system at the beginning and end of the experiment. The authors used classical and modern methods of laboratory diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases of young cattle caused by opportunistic pathogens. The composition of microflora, cultural, morphological and biochemical properties of the isolated cultures, as well as their resistance to antibacterial drugs have been studied. Enterobiocenosis of calves is represented by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, nonpathogenic and enteropathogenic serotypes of E. coli, as well as such bacteria as Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Providencia spp. and Klebsiella spp. Sensitivity of most of the isolated cultures to ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, levofloxacin and phosphomycin was detected. In calves of the experimental group after drinking a suspension containing Bacillus spp. F, an increase in the concentration of normoflora and a significant reduction in the number of opportunistic bacteria were observed.

In this article, the authors reviewed an experiment in which 106 cultures of acid-fast mycobacteria (8.8%) were isolated. These cultures were isolated by bacteriological examination of 1207 biomaterial samples from pigs, birds and environmental samples. From the biomaterial of pigs reactive to tuberculin, 7.5% cultures were isolated. From the biomaterial of backyard chickens on the pig farmer’s farm 12.5% of samples were isolated; 120 samples were isolated from synanthropic birds (pigeons, sparrows). Of these, on-farm birds accounted for 7.5%; 9.4% were isolated from environmental samples outside the premises of the pig farm. The study of phenotypic properties showed the belonging of isolated cultures of mycobacteria to three groups according to Runyon classification (II, III and IV). The authors found that 6 species of atypical mycobacteria, including M. xenopi, M. avium-intracellulare, M. fortuitum, M. smegmatis, M. phlei and M. scrofulaceum. The presence of mycobacteria was confirmed by cultural, morphological and biochemical properties. In the species composition of mycobacterial cultures, M. avium-intracellulare was the most common with 51.4 %, M. smegmatis with 20.8 % and M. scrofulaceum with 11.1 %.

In this article the author presented the main world trends in the patenting of preparations using arabinogalactan (AG) and dihydroquercetin (DHQ) for the treatment of parasitic and non-communicable diseases of farm animals. A peak in patent activity was identified in 2019. The leading role of Russian inventors in the problem under study has been established. They patent primary complex drugs with AG and DHQ that increase the bioavailability of the active ingredient and reduce toxicity, resulting in lower drug doses. The author showed the role of AG clathrate complexes with other drug compositions in the treatment of animals. And the author has also substantiated the advantage of complex drugs in comparison with the original ones. The contribution of domestic inventors to the patenting of medicines for the treatment of helminth infections is presented. Among non-communicable diseases, medicines for the treatment of hepatoses are more frequently patented. The role of AG and DHQ in improving animal productivity or reproductive function is indicated. Foreign inventions are presented, aimed mainly at the treatment of non-communicable diseases, improving the health of animals, and increasing the digestibility of feed.

Nowadays, artificial light is one of the main conditions for growing crops in today’s world with the development of city farming, light-culture laboratories and greenhouses. By modelling the spectral composition of the radiation and the irradiance value, it is possible to control plant processes by modelling the spectral composition of the radiation and the irradiance value according to the desired objectives. Such as shortening the vegetative and generative periods, stimulating flowering, increasing the biomass, root mass and root mass of root crops. As a consequence, the relevant task is the intelligent empirical selection and simulation of the most efficient light source, irradiance value as well as spectral component for a specific crop and cultivation direction. In this review, the authors presented an analysis of the effects of light spectra at different wavelengths and their intensity on photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis of the most commonly grown plant species in light culture. The data collected allow conclusions to be drawn about the light wavelengths most suitable for crops under different cultivation methods. This information will be very useful for evaluating the types of artificial light in different cultivation methods and further experiments.

In this article, the author discussed the effect of the feed additive tseaur on the productivity and morphometric parameters of hen eggs under stress and without stress. The composition of tseaur is presented and its characteristic is given. The results of application in poultry farming under different forms of feed additive administration are given.