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Innovations and Food Safety

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No 4 (2017)
https://doi.org/10.31677/2311-0651-2017-0-4

Innovative development of agribusiness

9-13 119
Abstract
The article describes the influence of the feed additive Beluga on the broiler chicken meat production. The research proves the efficiency of the additive during the entire period of study. The additive Beluga encourages fast growth and development of broiler chickens. The study revealed that using the additive contributed to increased live weight of 11-day-old chicks from the experimental group compared with controls. The trend continues until the end of the experiment. At the age of 21 days the live weight of chicks from the experimental group surpassed this indicator of the control group by 6.05 % (p < 0.05-0.001). In 44-day-old broiler chickens of the experimental group surpassed the control group on this indicator by 7.99 % (p < 0.05-0.001). Absolute gain of body weight for the first ten days in both groups was almost the same. Absolute gain of the broiler chicken of the experimental group surpassed the controls on the 44th dau. The difference was 13.33 %.
14-19 320
Abstract
The efficiency of the use of different forms of nitrogen fertilizers on crops of spring wheat Novosibirsk 29. During the growing season carried out phenological observations. In the early phase of milk ripeness of wheat identified a number of indicators related to the productivity of plants: number of stems and number of productive stems per unit area, plant height, number of spikelets per spike. The maturation phase identified and studied elements of the yield structure: number of productive stems, number of spikelets per spike number of grains per spike, weight of 1000 grains. Empirically established that productive tilling capacity by variants of experience was changed from 1.03 to 1.22. The number of stems with spike on the options ranged from 307-465 pieces/m2. The biggest number of stems of spring wheat 465 PCs/m2 productive tillering 1.22 was observed in the variant with application of UAN 32, wherein the mass of 1000 grains amounted to 32.6 g, which in turn contributed to the formation of yield of 42.4 t/ha. Minimum bushing 307 PCs/m2 was noted in control, where in addition to tillering, a decrease of all structural metrics, such as length of spike, number of spikelets, number of grains per spike. The grain on this version was a minor slight, the mass of 1000 grains amounted to 24.9 g., was allowed to form only 14.5 kg/ha. as in the laboratory to determine qualitative composition of the grain. Which is largely dependent on fertilizer type, and on the basis of GOST 9353-90 were defined classes of grain. The grain at the option of CAS - 32, the grain is first class on a variant of ammonium nitrate and grain of the third class under control.

Quality control and production safety

20-25 145
Abstract
The estimation of the nutritive value of meat obtained from calves of Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds grown in the conditions of Kurgan region. The article presents data on chemical composition of meat, its physical and chemical properties, the concentrations of heavy metals. Determined the nutritional value of meat. Found a link and relationship between protein and indicators of meat quality.
26-31 226
Abstract
Presents the results of organoleptic evaluation of the quality of the meat of the Yakut breed foals. It is established that meat is a product with high taste values. Age and growth of live weight improved polnomochnost carcasses, but this increases the intensity of the build-up of bone tissue, which leads to the reduction of the index of mesnosti. According to the study of consumer properties of cooked meat foals shown a marked effect of age on sensory characteristics, and to a greater extent on taste and smell; the broth - the color, clarity and aroma.. Based on the analysis and synthesis of complex studies the optimum age of slaughter for improvement of the morphological composition of carcasses and their meat young horse with the highest possible level of consumer properties.
32-38 204
Abstract
For the first time assessed the influence of various factors on the response to humans in lactating cows. The revealed diversity in the herd, allowing to consider this feature in production. It is established that the distribution of the lactating cows on avoidance reactions of a stranger is not normal. A significant part of the studied population are not timid animals (distance avoidance of a person to 100 cm). Shown a significant impact of lactation on the response per person in groups of cows of first, third and fourth lactations (p=0,003; p=0.02; p=0.05), with loose technology content. Discovered the trend of the dependence of response level on people with indicators of productivity of the animals in all the studied lactation. The results indicate that the reaction of the person helps to identify problems in the welfare of the animals on the farm that may impact on the productive longevity of cows.
39-50 122
Abstract
Presents an integrative approach to the study of the immunological changes in hematologic malignancies of humans and animals. The main criteria served as indicators of cellular homeostasis, the natural resistance and immunological reactivity. Preference was given to the individual dynamic control over the condition of animals in addition to group assessment on the studied indicators.
51-55 200
Abstract
This article presents the results of the analysis of the frequency and nature of symptoms leukemoid reactions of the blood in cattle revealed by a mass diagnostic examination of animals for leukemia by using Hematology analyzer. It is shown that the most frequently leukemoid reaction of the blood of animals recorded in the winter-spring period. The cause of manifestation of quantitative redistribution of the cellular composition of the blood are most often inflammatory processes developing in the body. When you eliminate the negative factors of the morphological composition of the blood is restored.

Resource saving technologies

56-59 93
Abstract
The present report presents the results of complex long-term hydrobiological studies, the production of starter feeds (brine shrimp cysts) for aqua- and mariculture from hypersaline lakes of the Altai Territory, which includes cyst preparation during the summer-autumn period, primary cleaning of biological raw materials, activation of raw cysts and their drying. At the same time, the hatching of brine shrimp cysts is controlled, which is a key condition for obtaining high-quality starter feeds with 80-90 % hatching. The factors that determine the development of brine shrimp are given and differentiated into internal and external. Critical points of the water mineralization value in hypersaline lakes for brine shrimp populations of the Altai Territory are determined as 30-340 ‰. On the basis of the long-term monitoring of hypersaline lakes, the zone with optimal water mineralization for brine shrimp is determined as 70-200 ‰.
60-66 131
Abstract
The microbiological preparation «Aquapurin», made on the basis of Bacillus siamensis in NPF «Research Center» LLC, was tested on sturgeon larvae obtained in the conditions of factory reproduction in the fish farm of «Maltat» Ltd. in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. To realize the goal, 6 experimental groups and 3 control groups from sterlet larvae were formed. Under the conditions of the production experiment, the influence of different doses of 600 μl / kg feed and 800 μl / kg of feed and the regimens of application preparations on the safety of the larvae, the absolute mass, the relative and the average daily gain were studied. Immediately before use, the drug was diluted in water and mixed with feed. The duration the drug was 12 days. The water temperature during the experiment period was within 14-19 °C. All groups were kept in similar conditions. It has been established that the probiotic preparation «Aquapurin» contributes to the increase of safety, average daily and relative growth of sterlet larvae; the maximum safety data was 94 %, the absolute mass index was 48.5 mg; the average daily and relative increments were 2.45 and 1.54 mg. These data were obtained using the drug «Aquapurin» at a dose of 800 μl / kg of feed daily 1 time per day for 5 days, then a day later for 7 days before the end of the experiment.
67-71 87
Abstract
The complex economic assessment floors of livestock buildings of lightweight concrete and wood modified polymer compositions. These indicators are compared with the desired optimum parameters in terms of livestock buildings in different periods of the year. The advantage of the new types of floors over traditional flooring materials by conventional capacity in terms of productivity and durability.
72-84 110
Abstract
Honey bee collected pollen belong to the category of biological resources that are a source of biologically active substances (BAS), for both honey bees and to humans. From a wide range of known biologically active substances of pollen are of interest to nutrition and medicine represent substances with antioxidant activity, the study of which this work is devoted. The samples were collected in stationary apiaries located in the forest-steppe (Novosibirsk region) and subtaiga (Zalesovsky district) climatic zones of South-Western Siberia and in the area of the Vasyugan marshes (Kochenevsky district) for 10 years (2005-2015) in the territory of the Novosibirsk region and the Altai territory. The vitamin content was performed by UR-spectrometry, flavonoids and reducing agents in accordance with the Protocol, regulated by the State standard of the Russian Federation. The content of flavonoids (from 2,73 to 7,47 %), vitamin C (67,81 ± 2,07 mg/100g) and E (33,67 ± 0,77 mg/100g), reducing substances (a measure of the oxidizability of 2.92 ± 1,21 c) in the pollen loads of honey bees collected in the southern area of West Siberia allows us to consider this product as a natural source of antioxidants. The role of the district where collect pollen (the impact factor 95.3 %) and the Botanical origin of pollen load on the studied indicators. Discusses directions for further research.
85-95 156
Abstract
Studied the possibility of realize the bio-resource potential of the bee pollen load in the control hametespathology factors of urban area. Determined the level of variability of the morphology of pollen grains of entomophilous plant species: Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub 1972, Filipendula vulgaris Moench 1794, Linaria vulgaris Mill. 1768. The effect of growing conditions in the city of Novosibirsk on the morphology of pollen grains of entomophilous wood (Tilia sp.) and grassy (Linaria vulgaris) plants was estimated. Found no differences in the level of abnormal pollen grains between bee pollen load and anthers yellow sweet clover, Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. The latter proves the possibility of using melissopalynology analysis of bee pollen load in order to monitoring of environmental pathogenic factors for gametes.
96-106 376
Abstract
The review contains the data about blackberry as a source of valuable nutrients and a wide range of biologically active polyphenolic compounds of the class of flavonoids - anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols. Biological properties of blackberry berries polyphenols include, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, as well as the antitumor effect, which is mediated by the antioxidative, antiproliferative and antimetastatic properties, as well by the decrease of the of aseptic inflammation severity in tumor cells.

SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT AS A SOURCE FOR PRODUCTIVE FORCES DEVELOPMENT

134-142 238
Abstract
The border areas of the Republic of Buryatia, the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Republic of Tyva, constitute the transboundary territories of the Russian Federation and Mongolia form a single ecological and geographical zone for the onset of diseases of farm animals. The belonging of border territories to one natural system causes the formation of similar parasitic systems, which creates a single zone of spread of infectious diseases. Currently, the rate of development of livestock in Mongolia largely depends on the occurrence and nature of the manifestation of infectious diseases. In the late XIX and early XX century in Mongolia, such infectious diseases as Pestis bovum, Aphtae epizooticae, infectious pleuropneumonia of goats, Variola ovina, anthrax and many others were common. At present, they are reduced to single cases of the manifestation of malleus, anthrax, brucellosis. in the infectious pathology of animals the main share is occupied by infectious agalactia of sheep and goats - 12 %; strangles - 5 %, contagious ectima of sheep and goats - 40 %, infectious enterotoxemia of sheep, rabies of animals - 5 %.
143-151 120
Abstract
The phenetic approach is widely used to analyze different populations of animals on a number of indicators. Venetica currently considered as an area of population morphological studies, which is based on the discrete group vnutricinovialnoe manifestations of epigenetic variation leading to the realization of morphogenesis in the stable States of non - metric traits- phenes, and their compositions and relies on the feature extraction markers for the implementation of ontogenetic programs, which depends on a number of conditions. In relation to farm animals venatici methods have been little used, however, in cattle today allocated more than 40 hair dryers. One of the most promising directions in the study of fanatici cattle is the study of the diversity of dermatitov nasolabial mirror of cattle

TIMELINE. EVENTS. FACTS

152-167 140
Abstract
The analysis of the General status and shows the dynamics of development of animal husbandry is the main production base of veterinary medicine. Violent and accelerated collectivization had on the farming of Siberia is extremely negative impact. Observed reduction in growth rate and reduction in the number of all types of animals. In the early 1930-ies in the region has witnessed an unprecedented sharp fall in the number of cattle. The restore the population began in 1933 In the second half of the 1930-ies the growth rate slowed down, and at the end of the decade, again followed by reduction. The main factors of the crisis in the livestock industry was excessive government alienation of products from producers, farmers lack incentives to work, the elimination of sole households, the extremely poor organization of labor and production in the collective farms, epizootics and livestock.

РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ

107-118 246
Abstract
Wolf performs several important functions in natural conditions: constrains growth of number of hoofed animals, provides improvement of their populations, utilizes corpses of the fallen animals preventing spread of infections. At the same time, the wolf is a natural link and the carrier in circulation of many parasitic invasions and infections such as helminthoses and the disease rabies. The animal inflicts extensive damages to livestock and hunting economy, attacking domestic and wild hoofed animals. As the food objects for this predator serve different animals, but mainly hoofed animals and rodents. The percentage of any type of a feed in a diet depends on its abundance and availability. The article presents the analysis of available information on the diet of the wolf and his role in natural ecosystems and for agriculture of Kazakhstan.
119-126 108
Abstract
The article presents a research conducted on a vast territory of Amur Region hunting grounds to clarify the brown bear habitat, its population and density on the various types of land. A qualitative characteristic of habitats and quality of the grounds for the species under consideration is given. The analysis of species population composition and their fodder eat up rates depending on the season of the year was carried out. Amur region has three natural climatic zones: coniferous forests, mixed coniferous-broad-leaved forests, forest-steppe and woodlands. Vegetation is represented by East Siberian, Okhotsk-Kamchatka, Mongolian-Daurian and Pacific floras. Despite the diversity, the basis of brown bear vegetable ration are the underwood and herb cover derivatives. An important part of the animal’s diet is occupied by wild ungulates - European elk (Alcesalces), wapiti (Cervuselaphus), roe deer (Capreoliscapreolis), wild boar (Susscrofa), wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Bear’s diet in Amur region also includes insects, murine rodents, fish and other kinds of forage which make up a significant or insignificant part in the animal feeding depending on the season. Based on the obtained data, Niznnezeisky, Daursky, Bureinsky, Verkhnezeysky and Nyukzhansky (mainly the southern part) floristic regions have the most extensive range of vegetable species that are suitable for brown bear feeding. The Amgunsky and Aldan floristic regions as well as the northern part of Verkhnezeysky and Nyukzhansky are poorer in this respect. However, it should be noted that these plant species are not equally productive all year round and, accordingly, their feed value is not constant for brown bear either.
127-133 137
Abstract
In the result of conducted aerial surveys of wild ungulates, we determined main indicators of elk, red deer and roe deer populations in Amur region: areas of their natural concentration, population dynamics and flocking. Roe deer population is dropping significantly, the flocking is decreasing, and it was noted that the species’ migratory activity is fading as well. Red deer population is quite stable and tends to grow, although we found some places with a minimum species’ density, despite the presence of good amount of forage and fine protective conditions on the hunting grounds. A slight increase in the moose population was recorded in all hunting territories included in the survey. The average species density in the zone of registration was 1.5 animals per 1000 hectares, with the long-term average of 0.91 animals per 1000 ha. for these areas. We found that the proportion of females with calves was not high, the state of the population is at the average annual level without a visible tendency to increase in numbers. It should be noted that the population of wild ungulates in Amur region is affected significantly by predators. To maintain its stable indicators, it is necessary to carry out a number of organizational measures to improve the land quality, reproduction in natural habitats in combination with on-going protection against poaching and predator control measures.


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ISSN 2311-0651 (Print)