The factor of peasant (farmer) farms' activity in solving food security issues in the Republic of Khakassia.

   The article shows the formation and development of peasant farms in Khakassia. During a long historical period (about 100 years) there were successive changes in the forms of organization of peasant labor from the so-called kulak farms through the creation of collective farms (kolkhozes) of the Soviet time to the acquisition of the status of peasant farms by the end of the 1980^s. At the initial stage, the number of such farms grew steadily and reached 270 thousand, but during the reforms of the 1990s their sharp quantitative decline was registered. The consequence of these processes was naturally a general decline in the production of livestock products, which in the early 2000^s amounted to only 53 % of the amount of product produced by the early 1990^s. Traditionally, the product of special importance for Khakassia was mutton, the production of which fell by a catastrophic 82 %. There were many reasons for such negative processes in the functioning of peasant farms at the end of the 20^th century, including the lack of demand for sheep wool. Nevertheless, at present the main suppliers of high-quality and ecologically clean livestock products in Khakassia continue to be personal subsidiary farms of various types, of which peasant (farmer) farms are in second place in terms of production volumes. If we talk about the output of livestock production per capita per year in the republic, then in recent years there has been a marked decline in the production of beef (from 41 to 38.1 kg), milk and dairy products (from 273 to 246.4 kg). Among its neighbors in the Siberian Federal District in the production of meat and meat products the Republic of Khakassia is on the penultimate place, ahead of only Tyva, and in the ranking of dairy production - only one position higher, occupying a place before Tyva and Krasnoyarsk Krai. The paper provides a comparative analysis of factors that allow increasing the output of agricultural products by farms of different forms of ownership for different soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Khakassia.

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