New productive pear variety Favoritka

The results of the selection and variety study of pears in the conditions of the Southern Urals are considered. At the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Urfanits Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, breeding work was carried out to improve the assortment of pears for the Ural region. As a result of many years of breeding work, the range of fruit and berry plants was replenished with a new pear variety, Favoritka, which in 2022 was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use. In the process of breeding work, the winter hardiness of pear varieties in the harsh climatic conditions of the Chelyabinsk region was studied, as a result it was noted that infield conditions when the temperature dropped to -40 ° C, freezing of trees of local varieties did not exceed 1 point. An assessment was made of the yield of local varieties, among which the following varieties stand out: Vekovaya, Myth, Favoritka, and Zolotoy Shar, with an average yield of 24 - 28 kg per tree. The economic indicators of the Favoritka pear variety (profitability level of 253.5%) indicate its suitability for cultivation in both industrial and amateur gardening in the Ural region. A pomological description and assessment of the economic usefulness of the new Favoritka pear variety are presented, which combines large fruit (fruit weight can reach 340 g), high winter hardiness, productivity, resistance to abiotic and biotic stressors (not affected by scab, resistant to pear gall mite), has fruits of excellent taste, suitable for fresh consumption, as well as for processing (preparing jams, preserves, compotes, etc.). The variety is in demand among the population and is of interest as a source of giant fruit in further breeding work.

1. Falkenberg Е.А. Vestnik Rossijskoj akademii sel’skohozyajstvennyh nauk, 2006, No. 2, pp. 43-47. (In Russ.)

2. Dolmatov E.A., Krasova N.G., Bandurko I.A., Vitkovsky V.L., Kondratieva G.V., Gribanovsky A.P., Kuznetsov A.A., Ulyanishcheva A.M., Savelyev N.I., Chivilev V.V., Mozhar N.V., Demina T.G., Fazliakhmetov H.N., Mansurov G.A., Mikhnevich N.I., Myalik N.G., Kovalenko Yu.K., Alibekov T.B., Kuznetsov A.A., Isachkin A.V. [i dr.], Pomologiya: v 5 t. T. 2: Grusha. Ajva (Pomology. In 5 volumes Volume 2 Pear. Quince), Moscow, 2022.

3. Falkenberg E.A. Problemy i perspektivy mezhvidovoj gibridizacii plodovyh, yagodnyh kul’tur i kartofelya (Problems and prospects of interspecific hybridization of fruit, berry crops and potatoes), guidelines for breeding and seed production, Chelyabinsk, 2000, pp. 47-62.

4. Slepneva T.N. Innovacii, tekhnologii, importozameshchenie v agropromyshlennom komplekse UFO, Conference materials, Tyumen, 2018, pp. 63-69. (In Russ.)

5. Makarenko S.A. Vestnik Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta, 2019, No. 8 (178), pp. 28-35. (In Russ.)

6. Sedova E.N. Programma i metodika selekcii plodovyh, yagodnyh i orekhoplodnyh kul’tur (Program and methods of selection of fruit, berry and nut crops), Orel: VNIISPK, 1995, 502 p.

7. Sedova E.N., Ogol’covoj T.P. Programma i metodika sortoizucheniya plodovyh, yagodnyh i orekhoplodnyh kul’tur (Program and methods of variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops), Orel: VNIISPK, 1999, 608p.

8. Falkenberg E.A., Kozhemyakin V.S. Azbuka sadovoda i ogorodnika (ABC gardener and gardener), Chelyabinsk, 2000, pp. 317-322.

9. Makarenko S.A., Savin E.Z., Ilyin V.S., Kotov L.A., Slepneva T.N., Chebotok E.M., Tarasova G.N., Nevostrueva E.Yu., Evtushenko N.S., Fazliakhmetov Kh.N., Merezhko O.E., Gasymov F.M.O., Isakova M.G., Telezhinsky D.D., Lyozin M.S., Nigmatzyanov R.A., Startseva N.Yu., Tikhonova M.A., Bogdanova I.I., Ivanova E.A. [i dr.], Sorta plodovyh, yagodnyh kul’tur i vinograda. Moscow, 2022. (In Russ.)

10. Gasymov F.M. Ohrana i racional’noe ispol’zovanie lesnyh resursov, (Protection and rational use of forest resources), Proceedings of the VI International Forum, In 2 parts, Blagoveshchensk, 2013, pp. 233-238. (In Russ.)

11. Raevskij A.A., Vasil’ev A.A., Aktual’nye voprosy sadovodslva i kartofelevodstva (Actual issues of horticulture and potato growing), Proceedings of the 4th Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation, Chelyabinsk, 2022, pp. 3-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7187937. (In Russ.)

12. Tarasova G.N., Telezhinskij D.D., Kotov L.A., Chastnaya genetika i selekciya - vekovoj opyt v sadovodstve. XXIV Michurinskie chteniya (Private genetics and selection - centuries-old experience in gardening. XXIV Michurin Readings), Proceedings of the Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation, dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the CGL named after. I.V. Michurin, 2018, pp. 297-300. (In Russ.)