LIPID METABOLIC DISORDERS IN COWS BEFORE AND AFTER CALVING

One of the major challenges facing livestock breeding is to increase milk production of dairy cattle. In this case, the excessive functional stress of highly productive cows often leads to metabolic process disorders. Ketosis stands out among the pathologies that are characterized by metabolic disorders; in ketosis, the most pronounced changes are found in lipid metabolism. Ketosis is the most pronounced during the first few weeks after calving. The research goal was to study lipid metabolism in ketotic cows before and after calving. The studies were conducted on the Training Farm «Prigorodnoye» in the City of Barnaul in autumn and winter. The research targets were comparable ketotic and apparently healthy Black-Pied cows. Two groups of cows were formed: the trial group consisted of ketotic cows; the control group consisted of apparently healthy cows. These cows underwent clinical and biochemical examination. The clinical study was carried out according to standard practices. The biochemical study of blood determined the following: total cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total ketone bodies and their fractions (acetone with acetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid). The biochemical blood tests were run 3 times: 1 month before calving, in 10 days and in 1 month after calving. It was found that ketosis in cows was accompanied by significant lipid metabolic disorder and its degree increased significantly after calving. In ketotic cows before calving, increased concentration of triglycerides, ketone bodies and their fractions were found. After calving, decreased levels of triglycerides, decreased ratios of ketone body fractions and increased levels of ketone bodies and their fractions in blood were found. As for clinical manifestations, ketosis in cows was characterized by acetonemic, gastroenteric and hepatotoxic syndromes.

veterinary medicine, metabolism, lipid metabolism, diagnosis, oxonemia, ketosis, cattle

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