THE EXPEDIENCY OF APPLICATION OF HERBICIDES IN SEVAH SPRING WHEAT ON DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS OF CHEMICALS WHILE MINIMIZING THE AUTUMN TREATMENT

Studies conducted in 1996-2017. on the black soil leaching-locenih forest-steppe of the Ob region in multi-factor stationary field experiment in Sibnica. Crops were cultivated in 4-full rotation: from 1996 to 2006 «steam-winter rye-wheat-wheat”; since 2007 winter rye was replaced with wheat:”steam - wheat - wheat - wheat». The mechanical treatment of soil in fields of crop rotations: 1) plowing in a couple of 25-27 cm, under the wheat (the second and third culture after pairing) is 20-22 cm; 2) subsurface treatment stands, Cibima in a couple of 25-27 cm, under a wheat - 20 to 22 cm; 3) minimum tillage cultivator «Step-UC» to a depth of 10-12 cm for all crops; 4) no autumn treatment. SASO of-attorney of the crops studied in the three backgrounds of chemicals - extensive, low-intensive and intensive. The high efficiency of herbicide treatment of spring wheat with a tank mixture of Puma-super and Elant - premium against the main types of weed vegetation is shown. Against the background of the use of herbicides for all years of research, there were no significant differences in the number of weeds in the variants with fertilizers and without fertilizers, as well as in the contamination of different variants of the main tillage. The average contamination of spring wheat crops in the grain-fallow crop turnover for 20 years of research on an intensive and low-intensity background in all variants of the experiment did not exceed the threshold of harmfulness. On the background without herbicides the number of weeds was steadily higher than in the horn of harmfulness in all embodiments, the main processing of the soil. The maximum of weeds has always been noted in the variant without fall tillage - from 12.6 % in the first crop rotation to 35.3 % in the third, and the minimum - for plowing (from 7.1 to 21.8 %). The maximum biological and economic efficiency of herbicide treatment was observed on an intensive background in the tillering phase of spring wheat (92.5 %). It is shown that the use of herbicides on spring wheat without fertilizers and fungicides in the conditions in Western Siberia is advisable only for grain predecessors with a planned yield of at least 15 t/ha.

spring wheat, minimization, tillage, weed control, extensive, intensive farming, herbicides

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