DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DYE FROM THE INFLORESCENCES OF CALENDULA OFFICINALIS

Abstract

The starting material for the production of natural dyes are mainly plants. Coloring substances are usually obtained from various parts of plants: flowers, berries, roots, leaves containing pigments, the color of which is due to the presence of compounds such as anthocyanins, carotenoids, chlorophyll, flavonoids, etc. The most promising plant from the point of view of obtaining a yellow colorant is a medicinal calendula (Calendula officinalis L). Coloring pigment is mainly in the epidermis of the corollas of flowers and belongs to the group of carotenoid dyes, giving a yellow color. Its content in the flowers of calendula depends on the variety and growing conditions. Inflorescences of calendula officinalis contain carotenoids 2.8 %, the organic acid is 7.8 %, tannins to 0.02 %, essential oil of 0.03 %, mucus 4 %, ascorbic acid was 4.2 %. The chemical composition of calendula flowers, allows them to be used for dye. A method of extracting coloring substances from the inflorescences of calendula is developed.