Features of the impact of beekeeping and honey collection on food security in Russia

Abstract

The article provides a historical analysis of the phased introduction of the concepts of “economic security”, “food security”, “self-sufficiency of agricultural production”. The main regulatory legal acts of Russia adopted in order to ensure economic security in Russia in the future until 2030 are considered. The problem of food security and participation in the solution of this state task of the process of beekeeping development in the regions of Russia is investigated. In order to identify the self-sufficiency of the population in honey, a comparative analysis of statistical data on the export and import of honey in Russia in the period 2015-2023 with the indicators of the leading countries - producers and consumers of honey in the world was carried out. Regional features and conditions for the development of beekeeping in the regions of Russia are studied. The dynamics and features of the production of various types and collection of wild hive honey in the regions of Russia are calculated. A comparative analysis of the results achieved was carried out and 20 leading regions of Russia in the collection of fruits and berries, honey from one hectare were identified. Natural, climatic and man-made factors affecting the dynamics of honey production are determined. A brief description of the production of fruits and vegetables in the regions as a factor in ensuring food security and the relationship between the volume of success achieved and the production of honey is given. The problems faced by beekeepers and proposals for solving these problems are formulated. The results obtained confirm the thesis that the development of beekeeping and the honey market in Russia is an important direction for ensuring the country’s food security and sustainable development of rural areas.