FROM THE HISTORY OF YAK-CATTLE HYBRIDISATION IN THE HIGHLANDS OF OIROTIA

The article notes the main results of the research work of the Oirot zonal experimental station (now Gorno-Altaisk Research Institute of Agriculture) on the improvement of local cattle based on hybridization with yak. The author presented the main conclusions of the results of the hybridization of yak with cattle: hybrids of the first generation possess heterosis in live weight, meat content, milk fat, which is significantly higher than in the original animals; yak hybrids sufficiently retain the high ability to pasture during the winter, foraging from under the snow. Shorthorn hybrid animals had higher growth vigor in all rearing periods compared to Siberian Simmental hybrids and purebred yaks. The live weight of the hybrid animals averaged 140 kg compared to 68.3 kg for yaks of the same age, indicating that the smallness of the yak could be eliminated. The increased hemoglobin in the blood of the hybrid animals indicated a more intensive metabolism, and more vigorous growth of the organism, which serves as one of the indicators of the high qualities of endurance and adaptability of hybrids.

1. Bogolyubskij S.N. Proiskhozhdenie i preobrazovanie domashnih zhivotnyh (Origin and transformation of pets), Moscow: Sov. nauka, 1959, pp. 378–388.

2. Dubrovin A.I. Teoriya i praktika akklimatizacii i adaptacii yakov v Severo-Kavkazskom regione (Theory and practice of acclimatization and adaptation of yaks in the North Caucasus region), Doctor’s thesis, Nal’chik, 2006, pp. 186–188. (In Russ.)

3. Ryb»yakov I.E. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1930-1932 gg., pp. 133–145. (In Russ.)

4. Alymbekov K.A. Issledovanie potrebitel’skih svojstv i razrabotka sistemy menedzhmenta kachestva myasa yakov (Research of consumer properties and development of a quality management system for yak meat), Doctor’s thesis, Moscow, 2009, 48 p. (In Russ.)

5. Badmaev S.G. Ekologiya yaka i ih gibridov (Ecology of yaks and their hybrids), Ulan-Ude, 2007, 236 p.

6. Kosilov V.I., Irgashev T.A., Shabunova B.K., Vestnik myasnogo skotovodstva, 2016, vol. 96, No. 4, pp. 109–117. (In Russ.)

7. Chysyma R.B. Genofond tuvinskogo yaka: Sohranenie i racional’noe ispol’zovanie (The gene pool of the Tuvan yak: Conservation and rational use), Novosibirsk, 2009, 209 p.

8. Miklashevskij V.N. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1934-1935 gg., pp. 1–32. (In Russ.)

9. Ivanova V.V., Lyubimov I.M., Gibridy yaka (Yak hybrids), Gorno-Altajsk, 1949, 38 p.

10. Ryb»yakov I.E. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1939 g., pp. 97–101. (In Russ.)

11. Lyubimov I.M. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1938g., pp. 15–25. (In Russ.)

12. Lyubimov I.M. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1939 g., pp. 70–96. (In Russ.)

13. Kushner F.H. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1938 g., pp. 42–48. (In Russ.)

14. Ryb»yakov I.E. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1940 g., pp. 177–192. (In Russ.)

15. Ryb»yakov I.E. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1937 g., pp. 131–193. (In Russ.)

16. Ryb»yakov I.E. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1938 g., pp. 184–202. (In Russ.)

17. Gajdysheva V.D. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1960 g., pp. 1–71. (In Russ.)

18. Gajdysheva V.D. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1962 g., pp. 40–66. (In Russ.)

19. Gajdysheva V.D. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1963 g., pp. 17–40. (In Russ.)

20. Safronov A.G., Vishnyakov N.K. Godovoj nauchnyj otchet Gorno-Altajskoj sel’skohozyajstvennoj opytnoj stancii za 1972 g., pp. 324–329. (In Russ.)